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Understanding GST Rates in India
The Goods and Services Tax (GST) is India's unified indirect tax that replaced multiple central and state taxes in July 2017. GST is structured into four main rate slabs to balance revenue needs with affordability.
5% GST
Essential items — packaged food, economy transport, small restaurants
12% GST
Processed food, business-class travel, state-run lotteries
18% GST
Most services — IT, banking, telecom, branded garments, restaurants in hotels
28% GST
Luxury goods — automobiles, aerated drinks, tobacco, cement
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the GST rates in India?
India has four main GST rate slabs: 5% (essential goods like packaged food, footwear under ₹500), 12% (processed food, business-class air tickets), 18% (most goods and services including IT services, financial services, restaurants in hotels), and 28% (luxury goods, automobiles, aerated drinks, tobacco). Some items like fresh food, milk, and healthcare are exempt (0%).
What is the difference between CGST, SGST and IGST?
CGST (Central GST) and SGST (State GST) are levied equally on intra-state transactions — for example, a sale within Maharashtra attracts both CGST and SGST at half the total GST rate each. IGST (Integrated GST) is levied on inter-state transactions (e.g., selling from Maharashtra to Gujarat) and is equal to the full GST rate. The total tax amount remains the same regardless of whether CGST+SGST or IGST applies.
How to calculate GST from inclusive amount?
To extract GST from an inclusive (total) amount, use the formula: Base Amount = Total Amount × 100 / (100 + GST Rate). For example, if the inclusive amount is ₹11,800 and GST rate is 18%, the base amount is ₹11,800 × 100 / 118 = ₹10,000, and GST is ₹1,800. Our calculator above does this instantly — just switch to 'Remove GST' mode.
When is GST registration mandatory?
GST registration is mandatory when your aggregate turnover exceeds ₹40 lakh (₹20 lakh for special category states) for goods, or ₹20 lakh (₹10 lakh for special category states) for services. It's also mandatory for interstate suppliers, e-commerce operators, those required to deduct/collect TDS/TCS, and casual taxable persons regardless of turnover.